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Amplified piezoelectric actuator
Amplified piezoelectric actuators are specific actuators using piezoelectric materials as active material, and having a specific design to overcome traditional limitations of classical direct piezoelectric actuator, the limited stroke. As classical piezoelectric materials have a strain of 0.1%, it is practically impossible to reach significant stroke without displacement amplification (1 mm displacement would require 1 meter of piezoelectric material). The solution to reach middle range stroke is to use an amplification system.
==Single-cell actuator==
The principle is based on the deformation of an elliptic shell to amplify the ceramic strain. The ceramic stack is aligned with the great axis of the ellipse. A small deformation of the great axis creates a large displacement of the small axis. The amplification ratio can typically reach 20 times, that means such actuators can reach strokes of 1 mm.
The goal of the elliptic shell is not only to amplify the displacement. It has also to apply the correct pre-stress to the piezoelectric material in order to allow dynamic and precise motion. The other advantage is that this kind of flextentional actuator is very reliable.
Displacement amplification can also be accomplished by using rigid struts connected by flexure bearings. This separation allows inverted geometries, allowing either contraction or expansion of the output even if the dominant motion of the piezo is expansion.〔(Piezoelectric Actuation Mechanisms: Flextensional Piezo-Actuator Operation )〕 Actuators of this type can have a stroke of 2 mm.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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